【单选题】
能对抗去甲肾上腺素缩血管作用的药物是___
A. 酚妥拉明
B. 阿托品
C. 普萘洛尔
D. 多巴胺
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【单选题】
对酚妥拉明和普萘洛尔的作用都能对抗的药物是___
A. 异丙肾上腺素
B. 肾上腺素
C. 间羟胺
D. 舒喘灵
【单选题】
对下列药理作用的叙述, 哪一项是错误的___
A. 异丙肾上腺素激动β1与β2受体
B. 多巴胺激动а、β1 DA受体
C. 麻黄碱激动а1.β1.β2 受体
D. 普萘洛尔只阻断心脏的β1受体
【单选题】
普萘洛尔的禁忌症为___
A. 高血压
B. 过速型心律失常
C. 心绞痛
D. 支气管哮喘
【单选题】
普萘洛尔可用于___
A. 支气管哮喘
B. 传导阻滞
C. 心力衰竭
D. 以上都不是
【单选题】
局麻药产生局麻作用的机理是___
A. 阻止钠离子内流
B. 阻滞钠离子外流
C. 阻止钾离子内流
D. 阻止钾离子外流
【单选题】
普鲁卡因一般不用于___
A. 浸润麻醉
B. 表面麻醉
C. 传导麻醉
D. 硬膜外麻醉
【单选题】
丁卡因不宜用于___
A. 浸润麻醉
B. 表面麻醉
C. 传导麻醉
D. 腰麻
【单选题】
为了延长局麻药作用时间, 减少其吸收中毒, 常在局麻药中加入适量___
A. 肾上腺素
B. 去甲肾上腺素
C. 异丙肾上腺素
D. 多巴胺
【单选题】
为预防腰麻时引起血压下降, 最好先肌内注射___
A. 肾上腺素
B. 麻黄碱
C. 去甲肾上腺素
D. 异丙肾上腺素
【单选题】
可抗心律失常的局麻药是___
A. 丁卡因
B. 利多卡因
C. 普鲁卡因
D. 布比卡因
【单选题】
丁卡因常用作表面麻醉是因为___
A. 局麻效力强
B. 毒性较大
C. 对黏膜的穿透力强
D. 作用持久
【单选题】
有关地西泮的叙述哪项是错误的___
A. 具有镇静催眠和抗焦虑作用
B. 具有抗惊厥作用
C. 具有抗抑郁作用
D. 不影响快动眼睡眠时相
【单选题】
对癫痫持续状态首选的药物是___
A. 异戊巴比妥
B. 苯巴比妥
C. 劳拉西泮
D. 地西泮
【单选题】
癔症病人抽搐发作时,紧急处理常用的药物是___
A. 地西泮
B. 氯氮平
C. 奋乃静
D. 百忧解
【单选题】
患者女,80岁。慢性阻塞性肺疾病20余年。今因“咳嗽,咳痰加重”住院,夜间因烦躁难以入眠,自服地西泮5mg后入睡,晨起呼之不应,呼吸浅促。出现上述表现的最可能原因是___
A. 地西泮的镇静作用
B. 地西泮过敏
C. 地西泮抑制呼吸中枢
D. 地西泮中毒
【单选题】
常规治疗焦虑症的药物不包括___
A. 奋乃静
B. 咪达唑仑
C. 阿普唑仑
D. 劳拉西泮
【单选题】
癫痫小发作的首选药是___
A. 苯巴比妥
B. 丙戊酸钠
C. 乙琥胺
D. 氯硝西泮
【单选题】
癫痫持续状态应首选___
A. 苯巴比妥
B. 丙戊酸钠
C. 地西泮
D. 苯妥英钠
【单选题】
苯妥英钠抗癫痫作用的机制是___
A. 抑制Na+内流,抑制癫痫病灶异常高频放电
B. 抑制脑干网状结构
C. 增强中枢抑制功能
D. 抑制骨骼肌的持续痉挛
【单选题】
具有抗心律失常作用的抗癫痫药___
A. 丙戊酸钠
B. 苯巴比妥
C. 乙琥胺
D. 苯妥英钠
【单选题】
即有抗帕金森病作用又可用于治疗肝昏迷的药物是___
A. 苯海索
B. 左旋多巴
C. 卡比多巴
D. 金刚烷胺
【单选题】
即可治疗帕金森病又可抗病毒的药物是___
A. 苯海索
B. 左旋多巴
C. 卡比多巴
D. 金刚烷胺
【单选题】
氯丙嗪治疗精神病的作用原理是___
A. 阻断脑内胆碱受体
B. 阻断中脑边缘系统和中脑皮层通路的多巴胺受体
C. 激动脑内胆碱受体
D. 激动脑内阿片受体
【单选题】
氯丙嗪不能用于治疗___
A. 放射性呕吐
B. 顽固性呃逆
C. 精神分裂症
D. 飞行颠簸引起的呕吐
【单选题】
氯丙嗪的降温机制是___
A. 抑制内热原释放
B. 仅增加散热过程
C. 抑制前列腺素合成
D. 抑制体温调节中枢
【单选题】
注射氯丙嗪后病人从卧位突然起立的主要反应是___
A. 帕金森综合征
B. 静坐不能
C. 急性肌张力障碍
D. 体位性低血压
【单选题】
丙咪嗪(米帕明)抗抑郁症的机制___
A. 与显著的镇静安定有关
B. 抑制脑内去甲肾上腺素和5-羟色胺的重摄取
C. 促进脑内去甲肾上腺素的合成
D. 抑制5-羟色胺的合成
【单选题】
碳酸锂主要用于治疗___
A. 精神分裂症
B. 燥狂症
C. 焦虑症
D. 抑郁症
【单选题】
吗啡的镇痛作用是由于___
A. 抑制外周感觉神经末梢
B. 抑制大脑边缘系统
C. 激动第三脑室及导水管周围灰质的阿片受体
D. 抑制中枢的阿片受体
【单选题】
治疗内脏绞痛最好选用___
A. 哌替啶+阿托品
B. 罗痛定+阿托品
C. 氯丙嗪+阿托品
D. 氯丙嗪+哌替啶
【单选题】
吗啡不宜用于何种止痛___
A. 分娩止痛
B. 外伤剧痛
C. 肿瘤晚期疼痛
D. 心肌梗死疼痛
【单选题】
阿片受体拮抗剂___
A. 美沙酮
B. 芬太尼
C. 纳洛酮
D. 喷他佐辛
【单选题】
哌替啶比吗啡常用的原因___
A. 镇痛作用比吗啡强
B. 成瘾性产生慢而轻
C. 无呼吸抑制作用
D. 有平滑肌解痉作用
【单选题】
吗啡没有以下哪种作用___
A. 抑制呼吸
B. 提高胃肠平滑肌张力
C. 镇咳
D. 散瞳
【单选题】
吗啡的禁忌症不包括___
A. 颅内压增高
B. 支气管哮喘
C. 肺心病
D. 心源性哮喘
【单选题】
使用度冷丁治疗胆绞痛时应合用___
A. 阿托品
B. 阿司匹林
C. 普鲁卡因
D. 肾上腺素
【单选题】
下列哪一项不是度冷丁的药理作用___
A. 抑制呼吸
B. 镇咳
C. 镇吐
D. 镇静
【单选题】
下列哪种药物几乎无抗炎作用___
A. 阿司匹林
B. 吲哚美辛
C. 炎痛喜康
D. 对乙酰氨基酚
【单选题】
阿司匹林的解热作用机制是___
A. 直接抑制体温调节中枢
B. 刺激下丘脑PG的合成和释放
C. 抑制下丘脑PG的合成和释放
D. 抑制外周PG的合成
【单选题】
阿司匹林的镇痛作用原理___
A. 直接抑制感觉神经末梢
B. 促进外周PG的合成
C. 抑制外周PG的合成
D. 抑制痛觉中枢
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