【简答题】
孤独症治疗和处理的原则
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答案
答:教育治疗是孤独症的主要治疗方法之一,教育的目标是教会他们社会交往、自助能力、与环境协调配合及行为规范、利用公共设施等基本的生存技能。在交流交往的训练中,注视和注意力训练是最基本的,要及早进行。训练还要注意个别化,针对具体情况制定详细的计划和步骤,将要达到的目标分解成非常小的步骤一步一步让患儿掌握,做到坚持和长期性。 行为治疗能让孤独症儿童学会社会适应、认知以及运动方面的特殊技能。重点应放在促进孤独症儿童的社会化和语言发育上。治疗方案应个别化,帮助其尽量把在医院或学校习得的技巧移植到家里或其他场合。通过训练父母和特殊教育老师来实施行为治疗可取得最佳效果。 药物治疗尚无法改变孤独症的基本症状,但可通过用药改善情绪、注意力、多动、刻板行为。
解析
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