【单选题】
机体局部组织、细胞的死亡成为___
A. 溶解
B. 坏疽
C. 液化
D. 坏死
E. 化脓
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答案
D
解析
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血栓形式多见于___
A. 上肢静脉
B. 下腔静脉
C. 锁骨下静脉
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最常见的栓塞是___
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长管状骨折可能引起的栓塞是___
A. 空气栓塞
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炎症是___
A. 白细胞对细菌的作用
B. 由损伤引起的增生性反应
C. 机体对局部损伤的血管反应
D. 机体对损伤的一种防御为主的局部组织反应
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细菌进入血液中并大量繁殖,引起全身中毒症状,称之为___
A. 菌血症
B. 病毒血症
C. 毒血症
D. 败血症
E. 脓毒血症
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炎症局部的基本组织改变为___
A. 变性、坏死、增生
B. 变性、渗出、增生
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患者口渴、尿少,尿中钠高,血清钠>145mmol/L,其水与电解质平衡紊乱的类型是___
A. 高渗性脱水
B. 低渗性脱水
C. 等渗性脱水
D. 水中毒
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下列哪一类水与电解质紊乱早期易发生休克___
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休克治疗的首要措施是___
A. 纠正酸中毒
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下列哪项不是心力衰竭的诱因___
A. 全身感染
B. 高钾血症
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左心衰竭时临床上最突出的表现是___
A. 下肢水肿
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细菌的结构成分中哪一种缺少时仍可以生存___
A. 细胞壁
B. 细胞膜
C. 细胞质
D. 核质
E. 以上均可
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细菌中最耐热的结构是___
A. 芽孢
B. 鞭毛
C. 荚膜
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E. 菌毛
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下列哪种不是细菌合成代谢产物___
A. 色素
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正常菌群的致病条件___
A. 寄生部位改变
B. 人体抵抗力降低
C. 菌群失调
D. 以上都是
E. 以上都不是
【单选题】
属于细菌分解性代谢产物的是___
A. 热原质
B. 硫化氢
C. 外毒素
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下列哪种方法能最有效杀死芽孢___
A. 紫外线法
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A. 有抗原体,但无毒性
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D. 有抗原体,有毒性
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以下描述正确的是___
A. 人工主动免疫接种的物质为抗原
B. 人工被动免疫不能用于治疗
C. 人工主动免疫接种的物质为丙种球蛋白
D. 人工主动免疫主要用于治疗
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有关人工主动免疫热点的描述不正确的是___
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C. 免疫力维持时间短
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人类B细胞分化成熟的场所是___
A. 骨髓
B. 淋巴结
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人类T细胞分化成熟的场所是___
A. 骨髓
B. 淋巴结
C. 胸腺
D. 脾脏
E. 肝脏
【单选题】
与细胞免疫无关的免疫应答是___
A. 移植排斥反应
B. 中和作用
C. 抗肿瘤免疫
D. 接触性皮炎
E. 结核结节的形成
【单选题】
免疫稳定功能增强时可发生___
A. 自身免疫性疾病
B. 感染
C. 肿瘤
D. 自身生理平衡和稳定
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乙肝病毒最重要的传播途径是___
A. 消化道
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C. 血液和血制品
D. 直接接触
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注射TAT的目的是___
A. 对易感人群进行预防接种
B. 对可疑破伤风患者治疗及紧急预防
C. 杀灭伤口中繁殖体的破伤风杆菌
D. 主要用于儿童的预防接种
E. 中和与神经细胞结核的毒素
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阿司匹林不适用于___
A. 缓解胃肠绞痛
B. 缓解关节痛
C. 治疗胆道蛔虫病
D. 预防血栓形成
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下列属于半抗原的是___
A. 细菌
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强心苷中毒引起室性期前收缩宜选用___
A. 苯妥英钠
B. 普萘洛尔
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下列哪项不是强心苷的适应症___
A. 充血性心力衰竭
B. 心房纤颤
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下列组合中最有利于铁剂吸收的是___
A. 果糖+枸橼酸铁铵
B. 维生素C+硫酸亚铁
C. 硫酸钙+硫酸亚铁
D. 同型半胱氨酸+右旋糖酐铁
E. 四环素+硫酸亚铁
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治疗左心衰引起的急性肺水肿首选___
A. 呋塞米
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感染中毒性休克用糖皮质激素治疗应采用___
A. 大剂量肌肉注射
B. 小剂量反复静脉给药
C. 大剂量突击静脉给药
D. 一次负荷量肌肉注射给药,然后静脉维持给药
E. 小剂量快速静脉给药
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长期使用糖皮质激素类药物可引起___
A. 低血糖
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【单选题】
责任制护理产生于现代护理学发展的哪一阶段___
A. 以疾病为中心的阶段
B. 以医生为中心的阶段
C. 以护士给中心的阶段
D. 以患者为中心的阶段
E. 以健康为中心的阶段
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在以患者为中心的阶段提出了___
A. 生物医学模式
B. 生物-社会-心理医学模式
C. 2000年人人享有卫生保健
D. 人是机器
E. 护理工作要走向家庭社会
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护理的目标是在尊重人的需要和权力的基础上提高___
A. 人的生命质量
B. 人的尊严
C. 人的社会地位
D. 医疗服务质量
E. 人的自身价值
【单选题】
健康教育的目的是___
A. 治疗疾病,恢复健康
B. 预防疾病,促进健康
C. 适应疾病,保持健康
D. 安慰患者,恢复健康
E. 适应医疗环境
【单选题】
影响健康的生物因素不包括___
A. 遗传结构
B. 年龄
C. 食物
D. 种族
E. 性别
【单选题】
ABC时间管理法叙述正确的是___
A. A级为重要且必须最优先完成的目标
B. B级不重要但必须完成的目标
C. B级为较重要但可以根据时间安排退后完成的目标
D. c级为较重要,可以根据时间安排退后完成的目标
E. c级为较不重要,但必须马上完成的目标
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【单选题】
与人的睡眠有密切关系的气是___
A. 宗气
B. 元气
C. 卫气
D. 营气
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【单选题】
机体内物质转化和能量转化过程有赖于气的___
A. 推动作用
B. 温熙作用
C. 固摄作用
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【单选题】
下列哪一项是人体正常水液的总称___
A. 体液
B. 阴液
C. 津液
D. 津
E. 液
【单选题】
津液化为汗液排出体外,主要依赖于什么作用___
A. 心主血脉
B. 肺主宣发
C. 肾主气化
D. 肝主疏泄
E. 脾主统摄
【单选题】
下列除哪一项外均是血液正常运行所必需的条件___
A. 血液充盈
B. 脉道通畅
C. 肺脾肾功能正着
D. 心气充沛
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【单选题】
气能生津的机理是___
A. 气为生津的物质基础
B. 气为生津的动力
C. 气为生津的物质基础和动力
D. 气能化生精气
E. 气能生血,血能化津
【单选题】
血和津液生成的共同物质来源是___
A. 水谷精微
B. 宗气
C. 精
D. 元气
E. 营气
【单选题】
昼行于阳,夜行于阴的气是___
A. 营气
B. 卫气
C. 元气
D. 宗气
E. 肾气
【单选题】
“夺血者无汗”的生理基础是___
A. 肝肾同源
B. 乙类同源
C. 津血同源
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E. 以上均不是
【单选题】
Q1: What does the man suggest that the woman do this weekend?___
A. Read J .K .Rowling's first book .
B. Go to buy a new Harry Potter book .
C. Watch BBC news about J .K .Rowling .
D. Take her cousin to see a new Harry Potter  movie .
【单选题】
Q2: Where did J. K. Rowling come up with the idea for Harry Potter?___
A. At a cafe .
B. On a train .
C. At a cinema .
D. In a bookstore .
【单选题】
Q3: What are J. K. Rowling’s future plans?___
A. She won't write any more books .
B. She will write more magic stories .
C. She hasn't said anything about her future  plans .
D. She said she would work on more serious  subjects .
【单选题】
Q4: What are the two speakers mainly talking about?___
A. J.K. Rowling's secret .
B. J .K .Rowling's writing plan .
C. A new book by J .K.Rowling.
D. An interview with J .K .Rowling .
【单选题】
Q1: What happened when Stephen tried to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator?___
A. He broke the milk bottle .
B. He fell down on the floor .
C. He made a mess inside the refrigerator .
D. He spilled the milk over the kitchen floor .
【单选题】
Q2: What did Stephen’s mother do when she came into the kitchen?___
A. She gave him a long lecture .
B. She shouted at him in anger .
C. She enjoyed the wonderful mess .
D. She cleaned up the mess with him .
【单选题】
Q3: What did Stephen’s mother teach him later?___
A. How to do an experiment .
B. How to carry a milk bottle .
C. How to clean up spilled milk .
D. How to avoid making mistakes .
【单选题】
Q4: What did Stephen learn from this experience?___
A. Mistakes can become learning  opportunities .
B. Mistakes are just like scientific  experiments .
C. One should sometimes make mistakes .
D. One should try to avoid making mistakes .
【单选题】
Q1: Why is surfing the man’s favorite activity?___
A. Because he likes the sunny weather.
B. Because he wants to challenge himself .
C. Because it can help solve his sleeping problem .
D. Because it can help him forget all his  troubles .
【单选题】
Q2: What is the woman going to do this weekend?___
A. To go sailing .
B. To go surfing .
C. To go to the beach .
D. To go to her nephew's .
【单选题】
Q3: What does the woman love doing?___
A. Going to visit relatives.
B. Enjoying the warm sun on the beach .
C. Building sand castles with her niece and  nephew .
D. Playing in the sand and jumping in the  waves .
【单选题】
Q4: What does the man remember doing with his brothers?___
A. Surfing in the sea .
B. Collecting seashells .
C. Building sand castles .
D. Jumping in the waves .
【单选题】
Q1: According to the survey, what percentage of British adults watched TV in theirfree time?___
A. 89 percent .
B. 84 percent .
C. 76 percent .
D. 71 percent .
【单选题】
Q2: Which age group would be the most likely to visit their friends and relatives?___
A. People aged 16 to 24
B. People aged 25 to 34 .
C. People aged 16 and over .
D. People aged 55 and over .
【单选题】
Q3: What does the speaker say about listening to music as a leisure activity for British people?___
A. People aged 16 to 24 preferred listening to  music most .
B. It was getting more and more popular  among the British people .
C. It was the third most popular activity  among people aged 55 and over .
D. People aged 25 to 34 listened to music  more often than those aged 16 to 24 .
【单选题】
Q4: According to the survey, how are leisure activities related to age?___
A. Older people go out to pubs more often . frequently .
B. Younger people go to the cinema less frequently.
C. Older people spend more time reading and  gardening .
D. Younger people spend less time visiting  friends and family .
【单选题】
Q1: Why was the girl excited?___
A. She is going to have a lot of vanilla ice  cream .
B. She won the spelling competition at her  school .
C. She is going to the state capital for a  competition .
D. She "excellence"correctly,but others didn't .
【单选题】
Q2: What happened when the man was 13 years old?___
A. His family moved to Sacramento to settle  down .
B. His family bought him a new suit and a  new tie .
C. He went to Sacramento for a spelling  competition .
D. He won the first prize in the state spelling  competition .
【单选题】
Q3: Why did the man’s mom give him a big hug?___
A. To make him feel better after he lost the  first prize .
B. To apologize for not buying him some ice  cream .
C. To wish him good luck in the next  competition .
D. To congratulate him on winning the first  prize .
【单选题】
Q4: What color is the girl going to wear for her next competition?___
A. Red .
B. Blue .
C. Green .
D. Yellow .
【单选题】
Q1: What is this passage mainly about?___
A. Superstitions and science .
B. Tips on how to have good luck .
C. Superstitions in the United States .
D. Rational and superstitious societies .
【单选题】
Q2: According to the passage, what is considered as bad luck?___
A. Walking under a ladder .
B. Dreaming of a black cat .
C. Hanging a mirror in the house .
D. Stepping on one's own shadow .
【单选题】
Q3: Why is it considered bad luck to see a black cat crossing one’s path?___
A. Because black cats look like witches . e witches .
B. Because black cats were thought to be witches .
C. Because black cats bring seven years of bad luck .
D. Because black cats are hard to notice in darkness .
【单选题】
Q4: According to the passage, what will bring people good luck?___
A. Breaking a mirror on purpose .
B. Catching a falling leaf on one's birthday .
C. Finding a on the ground and picking it up .
D. Dreaming of blowing out the candles in one blow .
【单选题】
Q1: How long will the woman spend on her way to and from work by high-speed train?___
A. 4 hours .
B. 2 hours .
C. 1.5 hours .
D. 45 minutes .
【单选题】
Q2: When does the woman arrive back home by subway?___
A. At 8 .
B. At 7 .
C. At 6 .
D. At 5 .
【单选题】
Q3: According to the woman, in what way will the new high-speed train be a big help to her?___
A. She can either read or rest a little on the  train .
B. She can read and respond to emails onthe  train .
C. She can travel to many different parts of  the city .
D. She can go shopping on her way home  from work .
【单选题】
Q4: How will the new high-speed train affect the man?___
A. He can take the train to the old part of the  city .
B. He can save a lot of money when he takes  the train .
C. He can save 20 minutes to go to work with  the train .
D. He can take the train to the airport instead  of driving .
【单选题】
Q1: How much time on average do Americans spend on their way to work?___
A. About an hour .
B. More than an hour .
C. About half an hour .
D. More than one and a half hours .
【单选题】
Q2: What is the present situation about Americans’ commuting to work?___
A. More and more Americans spend over an  hour getting to work .
B. Over 10 percent of Americans spend less  than an hour getting to work .
C. Only New York people spend more than  90 minutes getting to work .
D. Over 10 percent of Americans spend more  than 90 minutes getting to work .
【单选题】
Q3: Why does Steven choose to have an extreme commute?___
A. Because gas prices are not high .
B. Because the commute is not tiring .
C. Because he can attend a better school .
D. Because he can have his favorite lifestyle .